Setting Up LAMP Server at Home

$ sudo apt update
$ sudo apt-get install apache2

# Check apache2 status
$ sudo service apache2 status

# List Firewall

$ sudo ufw app list

# Get "Apache info"

$ sudo ufw app info "Apache Full"

# This should produce 80,443/tcp as output. If modifying default port, adjust settings accordinlgy. If this server is behind a router and needs to be accessed from outside, add port-forwarding in router and preferably assign a static ip.

# update package index on server

$ sudo apt update

# Install mysql
$ sudo apt-get install mysql-server

# Perform secure installation steps
$ sudo mysql_secure_installation

# Test connectivity
$ mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:

mysql> show databases;

mysql> exit;

# Modify config files if changing default locations and restart.

# Create a new user

mysql> CREATE USER 'user1'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password';
mysql> GRANT SELECT on `db1`.* TO 'user1'@'localhost';

# -- WITH GRANT OPTION to allow user to GRANT those privileges.

# Change password

mysql> ALTER USER 'user1'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'new-password';

# Change authentication to mysql_native_password
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'new-password';

mysql>

# Start/Stop MySQL service

$ sudo service mysql stop
$ sudo service mysql start

# Default port is 3306.

$ sudo apt-get install php php5-mysql

# Restart Apache server

# Test php
$ vi /var/www/html/info.php
<?php phpifo(); ?>

# Visit http://localhost/info.php to verify#

# Install openssh server for ssh connectivity

$ sudo apt update
$ sudo apt install openssh-server

# search for service
$ ps -ef |grep ssh   # should see sshd in the listing.

# Start/stop/restart service
$ sudo service sshd start (stop / restart)

# Change default port (22)
$ sudo vi /etc/ssh/sshd_config   [ and modify port number, restart sshd]

# connecting to server from other box
$ ssh user@server -p<new_port_number>

# Partition the drives. For > 2TB drives, use "parted" command to create the initial partition in GUID (GPT) format [reference: askubuntu]. My first attempt were with normal partitions (< 2TB) and the expected Raid disk size was way lower - around 4.2TB instead of 5.8TB expected.

Identify the disks:
$ sudo fdisk -l (or)
$ lsblk -o NAME, SIZE, TYPE...

# Create the Array (/dev/sda used by root disk)
$ sudo mdadm --create --verbose /dev/md0 --level=5 --raid-devices=3 /dev/sdb /dev/sdc /dev/sdd

# Monitor progress every couple of minutes
$ cat /proc/mdstat

Personalities : [linear] [multipath] [raid0] [raid1] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [raid10]
md0 : active raid5 sdd1[3] sdc1[1] sdb1[0]
      5860267008 blocks super 1.2 level 5, 512k chunk, algorithm 2 [3/2] [UU_]
      [>....................]  recovery =  1.7% (50472964/2930133504) finish=368.9min speed=130096K/sec

unused devices: <none>

$ cat /proc/mdstat

Personalities : [linear] [multipath] [raid0] [raid1] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [raid10]
md0 : active raid5 sdd1[3] sdc1[1] sdb1[0]
      5860267008 blocks super 1.2 level 5, 512k chunk, algorithm 2 [3/3] [UUU]

# With the older partition (MBR style) the final result was:
$ cat /proc/mdstat
Personalities : [linear] [multipath] [raid0] [raid1] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [raid10]
md0 : active raid5 sdd1[3] sdc1[1] sdb1[0]
      "4294702080" blocks super 1.2 level 5, 512k chunk, algorithm 2 [3/3] [UUU]



# Create the file system
$ sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/md0

# Create mount point
$ sudo mkdir -p /media/raiddsk

# Mount the file system
$ sudo mount /dev/md0 /media/raiddsk

# Add fstab entry (/etc/fstab)
UUID=xyz....   /media/raiddsk ext4 defaults 0 0

# Save Array layout
$ sudo mdadm --detail --scan --verbose > /etc/mdadm.conf

# Install mdadm
$ sudo apt install mdadm

# Examine disks
$ sudo mdadm --examine --scan

# Assemble disks
$ sudo mdadm --assemble --scan

# Verify disks
$ lsblk    # List block devies
$ lsblk -o NAME,UUID    # List only those parameters

Output will be similar to:
sdb     
└─sdb1  e658...
  └─md0 4eed...
sdc     
└─sdc1  e658...
  └─md0 4eed...

# Recreate the directories and mount point.

# Add to /etc/fstab for persistence
$ sudo vi /etc/fstab

# Add /dev/md0 UUID.  UUID can be obtained from "sudo mdadm --examine --scan"
UUID=xyz....   /media/raiddsk ext4 defaults 0 0

# Mount the file system
$ sudo mount /dev/md0 /media/raiddsk

# Get Details
$ sudo mdadm --detail --scan --verbose

will produce raid level, number of devices, uuid, name, and devices.

# Install Samba
$ sudo apt install samba

# Modify config file to list shares
$ sudo vi /etc/sambsa/smb.conf
---------------------------------------
# Add directory entry. user1 is the only user who can access.
[myshare]
    path = /media/raiddsk/sharedfolder
    valid users = user1
    writeable = yes
    public = no
    directory mode = 777
    create mask = 0644
    directory mask  = 0755
    force user = user1
    browseable = yes
---------------------------------------

# Samba needs separate user account created
$ sudo smbpasswd -a user1

# Modify UFW firewall rules to allow Sambsa
# sudo ufw allow 'Samba'

# Restart service
# sudo systemctl restart smbd

# Assuming a static IP or DNS mount the share on a windows box.
# File Explorer -> Map Network Drive.
# Enter user name and password and connect.